The Use of Electrical Potential
Faraday's Law
The direction of the electric field at several points can be illustrated graphically using force lines (imaginary). This basic concept was put forward by Michael Faraday who said:
A line of force in an electric field is a
lines of force are drawn when tangents at each point indicate the direction of the electric field at that point.
Force line direction
The line of force goes out from the positive charge and into the negative force. To show the directions of the force lines an experiment can be carried out as follows:
The strength of the electric field at a point in space is proportional to the number of lines of force per unit surface area that is perpendicular to the electric field at that point. It can be concluded that the strength of the electric field will feel strong if the distance between the two charges is close together, so that the resulting line of force is very tight. Conversely, if the two charges are far apart, the strong electric field that is formed will be weak.
The use of electrical potential can be connected with
the concept of electric fields, the basics of electrical circuits, as well as practical problems associated with electrical devices. To explain
the definition and nature of two points with potential difference that lie in an electric field as potential differences between the two points.
The potential difference between two points is the work done per unit charge if the charge is moved. In SI units, the unit of difference in electric potential is Volts (abbreviated V), with 1 volt =
1 joule / coulomb. Electrical potential can be defined as a form of comparison of electrical energy with the charge of the point.
Oersted Law
If an electric charge flows through a conductor conducting wire, then a magnetic effect will occur around the flowing rose. This magnetic effect is capable of attracting other magnetic materials. If iron powder is placed around the wire, the iron powder will be routed regularly.
Hans Christian Oersted, in 1820, conducted research
about the effect of the magnetic field around the wire. The composition of the Oersted experiment is arranged as shown below.
Oersted trial
The current with the wire will cause the needle to move in the compass. The conclusion that can be drawn is that in the conductive wire through which an electric current around it will emerge a line of magnetic force.
Like the earth that has a magnetic field, the efficacy of a compass needle is very well known.
The terrain around the current wire
Surrounding the permanent magnetic field or current wire is a magnetic field. The vector in the magnetic field is represented by B or is called the induction of the magnetic field. In SI, the magnetic induction unit B is Tesla.
Direct Current Circuits
Ohm's Law
If the potential difference at the end of the wire can be kept constant, it will cause the flow of electric charge or what is called the flow of electric current. The definition of electric current (I) is the amount of electric charge (Q) which is nuclear in the conductor of each unit
time (t). So 1 Ampere is equal to 1 coulomb per second
Unidirectional Electric Circuit Formula
If the flow of charge that flows is not fixed with time,
then the instantaneous current can be calculated as:
Unidirectional Electric Circuit Formula 2